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Tools and Resources
Cetyl Myristoleate (CM and CMO)
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Active Forms
Cetyl myristoleate, which is chemically cis-9-cetyl myristoleate
Absorption
Like other fatty acids, cetyl myristoleate is absorbed into circulation from the gastrointestinal tract.
Dietary Sources
Cetyl myristoleate is not ingested in any significant amount in the diets of most humans.
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| Dosage Info |
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Dosage Range 10 to 15 grams per month for one to three months.
Most Common Dosage 12 grams per month for one to three months. Various products contain percentages of cetyl myristoleate ranging from approximately 12% to 40%. A higher percentage is not necessarily a better product, because other fatty acid ingredients may also be providing some of the therapeutic activity. In many cases, products consist of 500 mg capsules with 12% CM, which equates to 60 mg of CM per capsule. Thus, patients need to take 6 to 7 capsules daily for a month to get the monthly dosage of 12 grams.
For best results, it has been widely reported that patients should avoid consuming alcohol, or coffee while taking CM. Also, those who smoke usually do not obtain satisfactory results.
Dosage Forms Capsules and topical cream. The topical cream preparations usually use DMSO as a carrier agent.
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Adult RDI None established
Adult ODA None established
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| Overview |
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Editor's Note: While peer-reviewed scientific studies on this dietary supplement are lacking, many practitioners and individuals report observational and anectodal benefits from its use. Use of this dietary supplement is on the rise. For this reason, NHIondemand has provided this monograph using the information that is currently available. As more science-based research becomes available, this monograph will be updated to include that material.
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Cetyl myristoleate is an anti-inflammatory agent that was discovered by an award winning researcher named Harry Diehl while he was working at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). In 1962, while working on a project to test a new arthritis drug, Diehl injected mice with a toxin that normally causes animals to develop experimentally induced arthritis. Curiously, this strain of mice did not develop arthritis. Two years later, Diehl isolated a substance from this strain of mice that seemed to be responsible for protecting them from getting arthritis. The substance was cetyl myristoleate. Subsequently, Diehl discovered how to make cetyl myristoleate, determined that it was safe, and began providing it to friends and acquaintances with arthritic symptoms. Most people experience substantial improvement and some people made astounding recoveries and became pain free. In March of 1994, Harry Diehl announced his discovery to the scientific community by publishing the results of his research in The Journal of Pharmaceutical Science.(1)
Currently, most cetyl myristoleate is extracted from bovine marrow, and some from palm kernel oil or kombo nuts, first extracting the myristoleic acid, and then processing it by combining it with cetyl alcohol. All cetyl myristoleate formulas currently sold contain other esters of naturally occurring fatty acids. For example, products made from palm kernel material contain cetyl palmitoleate, cetyl oleate, cetyl myristate, and approximately 100 other esters. It may be that certain ratios of these naturally occurring compounds provide some of the therapeutic benefits that are attributed to cetyl myristoleate.
Cetyl myristoleate also occurs naturally in cows, beavers, whales, and some species of mice. Because cetyl myristoleate occurs naturally in nature, it cannot be patented. Therefore, companies are not willing to commit money to study it. Although the following claims have not been scientifically documented, cetyl myristoleate appears to provide substantial anti-inflammatory activity. Since some fatty acids play important roles in regulating the immune system, it has been suggested that cetyl myristoleate may also modulate immune system activity. In addition to reducing inflammation and lubricating joints, some have claimed that cetyl myristoleate also helps to repair damaged joints.
Some people with insufficient digestive capacity (especially elderly individuals) may experience nausea or gas when consuming cetyl myristoleate and related fatty acid esters. These people may take digestive enzymes, betaine hydrochloride, or lecithin to aid in fat digestion.
Flare Ups: Some individuals will experience a flare up of the pain in their affected joints shortly after beginning consumption of cetyl myristoleate. This is usually not a sign of failure, but may be a sign of an anti-inflammatory action of CM and related fatty acid esters. In many cases, the pain passes within a few days, followed by improvement. |
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| Toxicities & Precautions |
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Like other fatty acids, cetyl myristoleate is absorbed into circulation from the gastrointestinal tract.
General There are no known toxicities associated with cetyl myristoleate.
Allergy On rare occasions an individual could experience an allergic reaction.
Side Effects
Some people with insufficient digestive capacity (especially elderly individuals) may experience nausea or gas when consuming cetyl myristoleate and related fatty acid esters. These people may take digestive enzymes, betaine hydrochloride, or lecithin to aid in fat digestion.Some individuals will experience a flare up of the pain in their affected joints shortly after beginning consumption of cetyl myristoleate. This is usually not a sign of failure, but may be a sign of an anti-inflammatory action of CM and related fatty acid esters. In many cases, the pain passes within a few days, followed by improvement.
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| Functions in the Body |
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Anti-inflammatory agent Appears to act as an anti-inflammatory agent.
Lubricant May function as a lubricant in joints and other parts of the body.
Prostaglandin synthesis May influence prostaglandin synthesis.
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| Clinical Applications |
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Crohn's Disease Several patients with Crohn's disease (one with long-term uncontrollable diarrhea) have reportedly responded well of cetyl myristoleate. These are anecdotal reports. |
Lupus Several patients with Lupus have reportedly responded well of cetyl myristoleate. These are anecdotal reports. |
Osteoarthritis Researchers have found that cetylated fatty acids containing cetyl myristoleate were effective in relieving the symptoms of patients suffering from osteoarthritis.(2, 3) |
Prostatitis Although scientific studies have not been conducted, numerous patients with prostatitis have reported favorable results from therapy with cetyl myristoleate. |
Psoriasis Numerous patients with psoriasis have responded well to a combination of topical and oral administration of cetyl myristoleate. These are anecdotal reports. |
Psoriatic Arthritis Fifteen patients applied cetyl myristoleate topically and also took an oral product that contained cetyl myristoleate in conjunction with glucosamine HCl, sea cucumber, and hydrolyzed cartilage. Good response was reported in a majority of patients from a randomized, prospective study that was published in a non-peer reviewed journal.(4) |
Rheumatoid Arthritis In a published study (not peer reviewed) patients receiving cetyl myristoleate (CM) and patients receiving a product containing CM plus glucosamine HCl, sea cucumber, and hydrolyzed cartilage (CM-Plus) gained substantial benefits compared to placebo controls. Improvement rates were 63.3% for CM patients, 87.3% for CM-Plus patients, and 14.5% for placebo controls. Progress was documented by physician assessments, patient assessments, overall improvement in joint swelling, tenderness, and pain as well as various laboratory markers.(5) |
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| Symptoms & Causes of Deficiency |
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Cetyl myristoleate does not occur naturally in humans, hence no deficiency condition exists.
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| Footnotes |
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1 Diehl HW, May EL. Cetyl myristoleate isolated from Swiss albino mice: an apparent protective agent against adjuvant arthritis in rats. J Pharm Sci. Mar1994;83(3):296-9.
View Abstract
2 Kraemer WJ, Ratamess NA, Anderson JM, et al. Effect of a cetylated fatty acid topical cream on functional mobility and quality of life of patients with osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol. Apr2004;31(4):767-74.
View Abstract
3 Hesslink R Jr, Armstrong D 3rd, Nagendran MV, Sreevatsan S, Barathur R. Cetylated fatty acids improve knee function in patients with osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol. Aug2002;29(8):1708-12.
View Abstract
4 Siemandi H, et al. The effect of cis-9-cetyl myristoleate (CMO) and adjunctive therapy on the course of arthritic episodes in patents with various auto-immune diseases characterized by the common terminolgy, “Arthritis.” The Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients. Aug1997;169/170: 58-63.
5 Siemandi H, et al. The effect of cis-9-cetyl myristoleate (CMO) and adjunctive therapy on the course of arthritic episodes in patents with various auto-immune diseases characterized by the common terminolgy, “Arthritis.” The Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients. Aug1997;169/170: 58-63.
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